RMJ is a general Medicine publication and accepts oorigial articles, editorials, case reports and commentaries. It aims to dessiminate medical knowldge to professional community.
Aim and objectives of Rawal medical journal
AIM
To promote the science and art of medicine and the betterment of the public health.
OBJECTIVES
1. To publish original, important, well-documented, peer-reviewed clinical and laboratory articles on a diverse range of medical topics
2. To provide physicians with continuing education in basic and clinical science to support informed clinical decisions.
3. To enable physicians to remain informed in multiple areas of medicine, including developments infields other than their own.
4. To improve public health internationally by elevating the quality of medical care, disease prevention, and research provided by an informed readership.
5. To foster responsible and balanced debate on controversial issues that affect medicine and health care.
6. To forecast important issues and trends in medicine and health care.
7. To inform readers about non-clinical aspects of medicine and public health, including the political, philosophic, ethical, legal, environmental, economic, historical and cultural.
8. To recognize that, in addition to these specific objectives, THE JOURNAL has a social responsibility to improve the total human condition and to promote the integrity of science.
9. To achieve the highest level of ethical medical journalism and to produce a publication that is timely, credible, and enjoyable to read.
2026, Vol: 51, Issue: 4
RMJ. Year: 2026, Volume: 51 , Issue: 4 Editorial- How to navigate the emotions of information services in the health sector – Developing affective competency and resilience in day-to-day clinical practice
Mahrukh Jamil Khan
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 897-898
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Original Research- A comparative efficacy analysis of ciprofloxacin and linezolid with herbal extract of piper betel against Gram-positive and Negative bacteria: An in vitro study
Mahanoor, Ahmed Umer Sohaib, Maryam Zaib
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 899-902
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Original Research- Antimicrobial resistance trends among catheter-associated urinary tract infections: A clinical outlook
Shahida Kashif, Muhammad Sohail, Fakhur Uddin, Asma Ansari
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 903-907
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Original Research- Evaluation of urinary tract infections among chronic kidney disease patients in a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan
Shehla Nargis, Ovais Ullah Shirazi, Hassan Ahmad, Tassawer-e-meran, Waqas Akram, Ali Akhtar
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 908-912
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Original Research- Bacteriological profile in patients with active mucosal chronic otitis media and antibiotic susceptibility in ENT outdoor patients
Ayesha Khan, Yousra Riaz, Farhan Akbar, Liaquat Ali, Shahzad Hanif, Faisal Iqbal
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 913-916
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Original Research- Adverse childhood experiences as a predictor of generalized anxiety disorder in a cohort of Pakistani University Students
Samira Faiz Bari, Sehrish Zehra Bari, Farhan Muhammad Qureshi, Nadia Khalid, Sarwat Wajahat Sheikh, Faisal Shah
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 917-921
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Original Research- Factors associated with mental fatigue in Indonesian patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis: A cross-sectional study
Oksiati Khoirunnisa, Wahyu Hidayati, Anggorowati Anggorowati
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 922-926
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.5455/rmj.20260623081004
Original Research- Association between depression severity and functional constipation among middle-aged adults in Sindh, Pakistan
Rizwan Ali Talpur, Aamir Gul Memon, Jawed Iqbal, Rab Nawaz, Santosh Kumar, Jamil Junejo
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 927-931
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Original Research- Prognostic significance of NDRG1 expression in invasive ductal breast carcinoma: A clinicopathological study in the Pakistani population
Nausheen Henna, Sarah Riaz, Ayesha Gohier, Sameer Anjum, Nida Ali, Abdul Hannan Nagi
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 932-936
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Original Research- Association of OAS1 rs10774671 Polymorphism with COVID-19 severity in a Pakistani cohort
Ambreen Zahra, Sultan Habibullah Khan, Amen Shamim, Muhammad Imran Arshad
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 937-940
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.5455/rmj.20260407052803
Original Research- Factors associated with 12-week wound healing status in patients with diabetic foot ulcers: A prospective study
Dler Taher Mahmood, Rawand Musheer Haweizy
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 941-944
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.5455/rmj.20260915051403
Original Research- Discordance between symptom burden and inflammatory activity in axial spondyloarthritis: Contributions of fibromyalgia and MRI-defined inflammation
Avin Maroof, Shwan Kader Media
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 945-948
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.5455/rmj.20260829083857
Original Research- Prevalence of endocrine disorders among thalassemia major pediatric patients in Sulaimani city, Iraq
Dalya Bikhtiyar Jalal, Taha O. Mahwi, Aso Faeq Salih
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 949-952
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.5455/rmj.20260829082751
Original Research- Health-related quality of life among patients with severe and very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and comorbidities in a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan
Noshirwan P. Gazder, Ashok Kumar, Faria Masood, Rawesha Hablani, Shayan Saleemi
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 953-956
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Original Research- Correlation patterns between hemodynamic indices and pulmonary function across different BMI categories in tertiary healthcare settings
Urooj Bhatti, Rubina Zareen, Moomal Tagar, Javeria Hameed Shaikh, Sameena Gul Memon, Shazia Rahman Shaikh
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 957-960
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Original Research- Predictors of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis: Retrospective case control study
Hira Shahzad, Muhammad Ishaq Javed, Mariam Ahmed Mujtaba, Ghazala Kaukab Raja, Pakeeza Arzoo Shaiq, Sadia Saeed
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 961-965
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Original Research- Molecular study of drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Quetta, Pakistan
Mehrullah Kakar, Abrar Hussain, Shereen Khan, Pari Gul, Shumaiza Anis, Muhammad Asif
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 966-970
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Original Research- Patterns of color vision defects among tuberculosis patients receiving ethambutol therapy.
Rabia Saeed, Athar Habib, Ayesha Saleem, Muhammad Farhan, Irfana Bibi
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 971-974
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Original Research- Awareness and knowledge of biomedical waste management among medical Students in Quetta, Pakistan
Faiza Akhtar, Rizwan Akhtar, Safdar Shah Khan, Nelofer Jamil, Muhammad Asif
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 975-977
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Original Research- Colorectal cancer in Afghan population: Insight from a single center’s experience
Zain Tayyab, Mariam Tahir Siddiqi, Sana Hussain, Nazia Adress, Kinza Farooq Hafiza Sobia Ramzan
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 978-982
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Original Research- Frequency of triggering factors in migraine in a tertiary care neurology institute
Sarah Kausar, Sadia Mubarak, Nadia Kiran, Muhammad Abdullah
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 983-986
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Original Research- Comparing the efficacy of propanolol alone versus propanolol combined with levetiracetam as preventive therapy for migraine
Muhammad Bilal Ahmad Shafiq, Muhammad Usman Choudhary, Muhammad Amin Khan, Javaria Amil, Tehreem Batool, Safia Bano
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 987-990
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Original Research- Comparison of Mean Platelet Volume, Thrombopoietin Levels, and A5713G Polymorphism in Pakistani patients with acute coronary syndrome and healthy controls: A cross-sectional study
Sara Dilshad, Ghulam Mustafa, Muhammad Khaleel Iqbal, Imran Shahid, Munir Ahmad Bhinder, Shahida Mohsin
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 991-995
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Original Research- Concordance and discordance between radiology residents and consultant radiologists in interpretation of MRI lumbosacral spine in patients with lower back pain
Sapna Salim Mina Khel, Muhammad Bilal, Ummara Siddique Umer, Mohsin Khan, Ghulam Ghuas Shah, Anisa Sandal
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 996-998
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Original Research- Congenital anomalies among internally displaced pashtun populations from conflict-affected Waziristan region at Pakistan-Afghanistan border
Muhammad Kabir, Muhammad Asghar Khan, Saima Naz, Sara Mumtaz, Sajid Malik
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 999-1005
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Original Research- Effectiveness of electrotherapy and Codman’s Exercise for improving pain in frozen shoulder patients
Rakhmad Rosadi, Sri Sunaringsih Ika Wardojo, Sun Qianhui, Tri Hutami Wardoyo, Rendra Pramudya
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1006-1010
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.5455/rmj.20260425072337
Original Research- Association of neck pain and stooped posture among hairdressers; a cross-sectional study
Fatima Mazhar, Musfira Ayyub, Sundas Fatima, Malaika Amjad, Erum Ghaffar, Aneeqa Aqdas
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1011-1013
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Original Research- Workplace reproductive health cadre training for female garment workers: Changes in knowledge, attitudes, and skills
Meti Patimah, Yuliani Setyaningsih, Onny Setiani, Sri Achadi Nugraheni
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1014-1017
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Original Research- Epidemiology and clinical patterns of vitiligo: A descriptive cross-sectional study in Al-Baha Province, Saudi Arabia
Hasan S. Al-ghamdi
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1018-1023
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.5455/rmj.20260715014934
Original Research- Comparative efficacy and safety of fractional CO₂ laser versus fractional erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet lasers for treating enlarged facial pores
Dindar Sharif Qurtas
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1024-1027
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.5455/rmj.20260820084704
Original Research- Influence of social media use on the skin care routine of undergraduate medical students
Ayesha Jamil, Nauman Ismat Butt, Aniqa Anser Tufail Khan, Sabeen Aftab, Muhammad Atif Qureshi, Khalid Mahmood
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1028-1031
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.5455/rmj.20251109055134
Original Research- Frequency of anxiety and depression in patients presenting with vertigo: An integrated otorhinolaryngology–psychiatry approach
Mohsin Raza, Beenish Hassan Khan, Waqas Ayub, Sana Muhammad Sadiq, Fatima Siddiqui, Shakeel Ahmed
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1032-1035
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Original Research- Levels of depression, anxiety and stress and role of resilience in tinnitus patients without hearing loss
Rimsha Naz, Zahra Fatima, Sikander Ghayas Khan, Muhammad Farhan Tabassum, Farzana Mazhar, Areej Kazmi
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1036-1038
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Original Research- Impact of abstinence duration in protected environment and associated factors on relapse rates following community reintegration
Muhammad Shakeel, Khalid Rehman, Waleed Ahmad, Laiba Wajid, Zaima Bibi, Syed Abbas Ali Shah
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1039-1042
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Original Research- Justification of CT head in pediatric patients using ACR appropriateness criteria
Ashfaq Ahmad, Ummara Siddique Umer, Muhammad Hasnat, Hammad Ur Rehman, Hadia Abid, Sapna Salim
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1043-1046
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Original Research- Association between self-esteem and antenatal anxiety among Generation Z women during late pregnancy: A cross-sectional study
Donna Threia Amandri, Nur Elly, Dwi Wulandari, Husni Husni
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1047-1050
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.5455/rmj.20260720064329
Original Research- Elucidating the role of blood inflammatory markers in predicting Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy
Ghazala Jawwad, Shazia Ali, Sana Nawab, Maryam Khizar Hayat, Shagufta Feroz
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1051-1055
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.5455/rmj.20260220090724
Original Research- Burden of infertility: The psycho-social and cultural impact on rural couples in Punjab, Pakistan
Khizar Hayat, Ayesha Chaudhary, Babak Mahmood, Paris Zaka
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1056-1059
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Original Research- Postpartum depression and its association with mode of delivery and other factors in Southern Punjab, Pakistan
Alisha Shaukat, Ghazal Farrukh, Shumaila Shahid, Sana Shaukat Siddiqui, Amna Waqar, Sumera Najeeb
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1060-1064
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Original Research- Impact of single-dose oral azithromycin during labor on maternal and neonatal infections
Madiha Ahmed, Nayla Salman, Shermeen Kousar, Anum Mujeeb, Rubina Jabeen, Ambreen Fatima
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1065-1069
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Original Research- Prevalence of visual impairment among schoolchildren in urban slums of Lahore, Pakistan
Abid Hussain, Muhammad Faisal Shams, Naeema Ashraf, Nighat Jabeen, Sajid Hameed
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1070-1072
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Original Research- Prevalence of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism in children suffering from pneumonia
Sumbla Ghaznavi, Munir Ahmed Bhinder, Junaid Rashid, Nasir Rana
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1073-1076
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Original Research- Calcium estimation in renal stones in children at GMMC Civil Hospital, Sukkur, Pakistan
Rafique Abbas Shar, Ghulam Rasool Bouk, Mumtaz Ali Bharo, Nisar Abbas Shar, Muhammad Bachal Korai, Gul Afshan Soomro
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1077-1080
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Original Research- Comparison of the effectiveness of Vitamin D as an adjuvant to phototherapy in the reduction of indirect serum bilirubin among neonates with exaggerated physiological hyperbilirubinemia
Hafsah Naz, Muhammad Ashfaq Zafar, Saman Zafar, Perwez Ali
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1081-1084
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Original Research- Surgical outcomes of total laparoscopic hysterectomy in benign gynecologic conditions: Experience from a single surgeon
Sumera Kanwal, Saima Iqbal, Afshan Riaz, Sadiya Butt
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1085-1088
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Original Research- The clinical spectrum and surgical outcome of patients with intraconal cavernous hemangiomas
Asad Aslam Khan, Hafiza Sadia Imtiaz, Sidrah Latif, Memoona Rafique
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1089-1092
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Original Research- Comparison of thoracic epidural bupivacaine 0.0625% vs bupivacaine 0.125% in cancer patients undergoing abdominal surgeries
Syed Kumail Agha, Saleem Ahmed, Ayesha Shahid, Allah Ditta Ashfaq, Tanzeel Fatima, Syed Fazal E Karim Faisal
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1093-1096
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Original Research- Evaluating novel pathological insights by integrating salivary cytokines into postoperative inflammation in fracture fixation patients
Amna Sarfaraz, Rummana Aqeel, Sadia Iqbal, Taleeha Roheen, Attique Ur Rehman
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1097-1100
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Original Research- Hydration dynamics: Exploring aquaporin-5, salivary flow, and quality of life in xerostomia
Saira Atif, Norsila Abdul Wahab, Ahmad Azlina, Sarah Ghafoor
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1101-1106
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Original Research- Mechanical strength, hardness, and fracture analysis of bamboo fiber reinforced Polymethylmethacrylate Denture Base Resin: An in-vitro experimental study
Hammad Hassan, Naveed Inayat, Naila Umer, Muhammad Hassan, Atiq Ur Rehman, Muhammad Abdullah Imran
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1107-1111
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Original Research- Estimation of stature from hand and foot dimensions in the general population of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan: A forensic anthropological study
Sadia Syed, Nataraja Moorthy Tharmar, Nur Waliyuddin Hanis Bin Zainal Abidin, Muhammad Khan Asif, Helmi Muhammad Hadi
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1112-1116
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Original Research- Assessment of health promoting factors in elderly people of Karachi; A community based study
Fouzia Naeem Effendi, Gulsher, Inayat Hussain Thaver, Hira Shaikh, Hajra Khan, Ruba Khan
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1117-1121
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Original Research- Effects of mobilization with movement on pain, range of motion, balance, function, and disability in professional athletes with ankle sprain
Aamir Gul Memon, Sadaf Naz, Aleesha, Danish, Muhammad Faizan Hamid, Suriyakala Perumal Chandran
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1122-1125
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Original Research- Impact of communication skills training on attitude of final year MBBS students in a private medical college of Karachi
Naseem Amin Dhedhi, Faisal Ahmed, Syed Muhammad Zulfiqar Hyder Naqvi, Samreen Khan
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1126-1130
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Original Research- Perception of clinical mentors about reflection in undergraduate curriculum
Fouzia Amir, Tasneem Akthar, Gulshan Ara Saeed, Riffat Shafi, Zainab Sattar, Humera Naeem
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1131-1134
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Original Research- Webinars – An effective tool for transforming education
Moiz Ali, Syed Amir Jalil, Zeeshan Idrees, Rahila Kanwal, Saud Ur Rehman
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1135-1139
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Original Research- Histomorphological evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of intra-articular platelet-rich plasma with Leukocyte and platelet-rich plasma in osteoarthritic rat model
Mahjabeen Fatima Qureshi, Khadija Qamar, Aqsa Zahid, Mehwish Abaid, Mewish Razzaq, Ayesha Fatima
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1140-1144
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Original Research- Predictors of survivability in road traffic accident patients at District Lasbela, Balochistan, Pakistan
Malik Mansoor, Syed Muhammad Zulfiqar Hyder Naqvi, Abdul Kabeer Kazi, Sarah Mansoor, Syed Imtiaz Ahmed Jafry
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1145-1149
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Original Research- Understanding medical students’ journey with Artificial Intelligence
Fouzia Hanif, Shemaila Saleem, Sanaila Gull Sana, Labiqa Wasim, Qudsia Ishaq, Hajr-e- Aswad Khan
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1150-1153
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Original Research- Herpes Zoster after COVID-19 vaccination in Saudi Arabia: Risk factors and implications for pre-emptive recombinant zoster vaccination
Salim Ali Algaadi, Leen E. Alturki, Fatimah Abdullah Almaymuni, Kothar Zakaria Al Ismael
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1154-1158
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.5455/rmj.20260630031039
Original Research- Ultrasonography versus non-contrast low-dose computed tomography in suspected acute appendicitis
Shivan Mahdi Saadallah, Shawnam Nasih Dawood, Adil Mahmoud Mahmoud
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1159-1163
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.5455/rmj.20260828082229
Original Research- Patient satisfaction and its impact on healthcare quality in emergency and outpatient departments of a tertiary teaching hospital in Karachi, Pakistan
Fahad Tanveer, Sajjan Iqbal Memon, Ramzana Perveen, Hyder Ali Rind, Umme Habiba
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1164-1167
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Review Article- Staphylococcus aureus: A resilient survivor
Abdulelah Ahmed Saleh Alqarzaee, Khawaja Shahid Rafi, Farhan Abbas Baloch, Mohamad Saifudin Hakim, Ziaullah Mirza Sain
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1168-1171
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.5455/rmj.20260518104917
Review Article- Transforming diabetes management in primary care through targeted education for General Practitioners
Hameed Mumtaz Durrani, Suriyakala Perumal Chandran, Mubin Mustafa Kiyani, Syed Azhar Ali Shah, Anjum-un Noor, Anwar-ul Haq
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1172-1176
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Review Article- Breathe Easy, Live Free: Digital Innovation for COPD & Sustainable Health: A Systematic Review
Mariam Javaid, Saima Riaz, Salman Latif, Ayesha Bashir, Muhammad Naveed Babur, Saleh Shah
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1177-1181
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Review Article- The efficacy of negative-pressure wound therapy in reducing surgical site infections compared to standard dressings: A systematic review and Meta-Analysis
Ashfaq Ahmad Javed, Muhammad Rafiq Zafar, Shazia Jehan, Bisma Mukhtar, Muhammad Omar Mukhtar
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1182-1186
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.5455/rmj.20260101092820
Case Report- Heterogeneous treatment response in primary central nervous system lymphoma: Two cases treated with rituximab and high-dose methotrexate
Angelina Yuwono, Andri Iskandar Mardia, Anggi Saktina Sari Batubara, Heny Syahrini Lubis, Dairion Gatot
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1187-1190
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.5455/rmj.20260605020949
Case Report- Intercolonic reposition for replacement of esophageal stricture due to corrosive ingestion
Donald Boy P Purba, Husin Thamrin, Titong Sugihartono
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1191-1193
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.5455/rmj.20260419035526
Case Report- A rare case of Hyper Ige Syndrome presenting in the otorhinolaryngological department
Tallat Najeeb, Saleem Ahmed, Abdul Hameed Bhatti, Muhammad Aazam, Khadija Leghari, Hira Faheem
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1194-1195
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Technical Note- Eratta
Rawal Medical Journal
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1197-1197
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Technical Note- Acknowledgements
Rawal Medical Journal
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1198-1199
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Technical Note- Author Index
Rawal Medical Journal
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1200-1205
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Technical Note- Subject Index
Rawal Medical Journal
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1206-1212
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Technical Note- Front Page
Rawal Medical Journal
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1-1
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Technical Note- Contents
Rawal Medical Journal
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 2-4
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Technical Note- Information for authors
Rawal Medical Journal
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 1213-1213
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