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Impact of resistance training in patients with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Khalaf Alotaibi, Hammad Ali Fadlalmola, Huda Hassabelrasool Abedelwahed, Asia Suliman Mohamed Ahmed, Sara Elsadig Ibrahem, Raga Abdelfatah Mohamed, Amani Mukhtar, Somia Jadalla Farg, Ghada Siddig Osman, Amel Eltahir Banaga, Manal Hussien Fatah Alrahman, Insaf Hassan Ahmed, Fathia Hassan Ismail, Nisha Abraham, Nagat Sidig Eltaher, Farida Rahamtalla Shaaeldein.


Abstract
Objective: This study reviews the effects of resistance training (RT) and combined exercises on adults with intellectual disabilities (ID), focusing on muscular strength improvements.
Methodology: Databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched until August, selecting studies that compared RT and combined exercises against control groups.
Results: A total of 24 studies with 924 participants were analyzed. RT significantly improved body weight (mean difference [MD] = -1.05, p=0.01) and leg press-RM outcomes (MD = 12.86, p<0.0001) versus controls. Combined exercises also showed notable benefits, enhancing overall training effects (MD = 21.95, p=0.0006) and sit-to-stand performance (MD = 3.10, p=0.0003).
Conclusion: RT and combined exercises significantly benefit body composition, flexibility, muscular strength, and cardiorespiratory fitness in individuals with ID. Customizing exercise programs based on individual needs, considering age, ID severity, and preferences, is vital.

Key words: Intellectual disability, muscular strength, resistance training, physical training, physical fitness, mental retardation.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Alotaibi K, Fadlalmola HA, Abedelwahed HH, Ahmed ASM, Ibrahem SE, Mohamed RA, Mukhtar A, Farg SJ, Osman GS, Banaga AE, Alrahman MHF, Ahmed IH, Ismail FH, Abraham N, Eltaher NS, Shaaeldein FR. Impact of resistance training in patients with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review and meta-analysis. RMJ. 2024; 49(2): 455-460. doi:10.5455/rmj.20231022031107

Web Style

Alotaibi K, Fadlalmola HA, Abedelwahed HH, Ahmed ASM, Ibrahem SE, Mohamed RA, Mukhtar A, Farg SJ, Osman GS, Banaga AE, Alrahman MHF, Ahmed IH, Ismail FH, Abraham N, Eltaher NS, Shaaeldein FR. Impact of resistance training in patients with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review and meta-analysis. https://www.rmj.org.pk/?mno=173956 [Access: January 21, 2025]. doi:10.5455/rmj.20231022031107

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Alotaibi K, Fadlalmola HA, Abedelwahed HH, Ahmed ASM, Ibrahem SE, Mohamed RA, Mukhtar A, Farg SJ, Osman GS, Banaga AE, Alrahman MHF, Ahmed IH, Ismail FH, Abraham N, Eltaher NS, Shaaeldein FR. Impact of resistance training in patients with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review and meta-analysis. RMJ. 2024; 49(2): 455-460. doi:10.5455/rmj.20231022031107


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Alotaibi K, Fadlalmola HA, Abedelwahed HH, Ahmed ASM, Ibrahem SE, Mohamed RA, Mukhtar A, Farg SJ, Osman GS, Banaga AE, Alrahman MHF, Ahmed IH, Ismail FH, Abraham N, Eltaher NS, Shaaeldein FR. Impact of resistance training in patients with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review and meta-analysis. RMJ. (2024), [cited January 21, 2025]; 49(2): 455-460. doi:10.5455/rmj.20231022031107


Harvard Style

Alotaibi, K., Fadlalmola, . H. A., Abedelwahed, . H. H., Ahmed, . A. S. M., Ibrahem, . S. E., Mohamed, . R. A., Mukhtar, . A., Farg, . S. J., Osman, . G. S., Banaga, . A. E., Alrahman, . M. H. F., Ahmed, . I. H., Ismail, . F. H., Abraham, . N., Eltaher, . N. S. & Shaaeldein, . F. R. (2024) Impact of resistance training in patients with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review and meta-analysis. RMJ, 49 (2), 455-460. doi:10.5455/rmj.20231022031107


Turabian Style

Alotaibi, Khalaf, Hammad Ali Fadlalmola, Huda Hassabelrasool Abedelwahed, Asia Suliman Mohamed Ahmed, Sara Elsadig Ibrahem, Raga Abdelfatah Mohamed, Amani Mukhtar, Somia Jadalla Farg, Ghada Siddig Osman, Amel Eltahir Banaga, Manal Hussien Fatah Alrahman, Insaf Hassan Ahmed, Fathia Hassan Ismail, Nisha Abraham, Nagat Sidig Eltaher, and Farida Rahamtalla Shaaeldein. 2024. Impact of resistance training in patients with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Rawal Medical Journal, 49 (2), 455-460. doi:10.5455/rmj.20231022031107


Chicago Style

Alotaibi, Khalaf, Hammad Ali Fadlalmola, Huda Hassabelrasool Abedelwahed, Asia Suliman Mohamed Ahmed, Sara Elsadig Ibrahem, Raga Abdelfatah Mohamed, Amani Mukhtar, Somia Jadalla Farg, Ghada Siddig Osman, Amel Eltahir Banaga, Manal Hussien Fatah Alrahman, Insaf Hassan Ahmed, Fathia Hassan Ismail, Nisha Abraham, Nagat Sidig Eltaher, and Farida Rahamtalla Shaaeldein. "Impact of resistance training in patients with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review and meta-analysis." Rawal Medical Journal 49 (2024), 455-460. doi:10.5455/rmj.20231022031107


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Alotaibi, Khalaf, Hammad Ali Fadlalmola, Huda Hassabelrasool Abedelwahed, Asia Suliman Mohamed Ahmed, Sara Elsadig Ibrahem, Raga Abdelfatah Mohamed, Amani Mukhtar, Somia Jadalla Farg, Ghada Siddig Osman, Amel Eltahir Banaga, Manal Hussien Fatah Alrahman, Insaf Hassan Ahmed, Fathia Hassan Ismail, Nisha Abraham, Nagat Sidig Eltaher, and Farida Rahamtalla Shaaeldein. "Impact of resistance training in patients with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review and meta-analysis." Rawal Medical Journal 49.2 (2024), 455-460. Print. doi:10.5455/rmj.20231022031107


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Alotaibi, K., Fadlalmola, . H. A., Abedelwahed, . H. H., Ahmed, . A. S. M., Ibrahem, . S. E., Mohamed, . R. A., Mukhtar, . A., Farg, . S. J., Osman, . G. S., Banaga, . A. E., Alrahman, . M. H. F., Ahmed, . I. H., Ismail, . F. H., Abraham, . N., Eltaher, . N. S. & Shaaeldein, . F. R. (2024) Impact of resistance training in patients with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Rawal Medical Journal, 49 (2), 455-460. doi:10.5455/rmj.20231022031107


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