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2026, Vol: 51, Issue: 3
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Cholera preventive practices amid conflict among households: Socio-demographic and WASH determinants in Sennar State, Sudan

Tahani Babiker Mohamed, Mohamed Elfatih Hassan, Manal Abasher Mohamed, Amani Awwadh Alotaibi, Amal Ramadan Abdalhalim, Ashraf Abdelmageid Khattab, Nasir A Ali.


Abstract
Objective: To examine WASH behaviors, identify factors associated with preventive practices, and assess cholera knowledge, attitudes, and preventive activities among households in Sennar State, Sudan.
Methodology: This community-based cross-sectional survey included 768 households in Sennar State, Sudan, and was carried out from September to December 2025. Households were clustered by location, and individual adult participants were selected via convenience sampling. Data were collected using a Google Forms questionnaire covering socio-demographic characteristics, cholera KAP. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests to assess associations between socio-demographic/WASH factors and preventive practices.
Results: High cholera awareness (85%) was found. Most respondents correctly identified causes, symptoms, and severity, and 80% were willing to seek immediate care. However, only 58% perceived themselves at risk. Handwashing and latrine use were common practices, while safe food handling and clean water practices were less consistent. Preventive practices were significantly associated with age, education, occupation, and WASH behaviors.
Conclusion: The study reveals generally good knowledge and acceptable hygiene practices, but important gaps remain in risk perception, ORS and vaccine awareness, and safe water and food handling. Socio-demographic factors significantly influence preventive behaviors, highlighting the need for targeted public health interventions in Sennar State. Strengthening community education and integrated WASH programs is recommended to improve cholera prevention outcomes in the region.

Key words: Cholera, knowledge, attitudes, practices, public health.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Mohamed TB, Hassan ME, Mohamed MA, Alotaibi AA, Abdalhalim AR, Khattab AA, Ali NA. Cholera preventive practices amid conflict among households: Socio-demographic and WASH determinants in Sennar State, Sudan. RMJ. 2026; 51(3): 662-665. doi:10.5455/rmj.20260308095620

Web Style

Mohamed TB, Hassan ME, Mohamed MA, Alotaibi AA, Abdalhalim AR, Khattab AA, Ali NA. Cholera preventive practices amid conflict among households: Socio-demographic and WASH determinants in Sennar State, Sudan. https://www.rmj.org.pk/?mno=313155 [Access: August 19, 2026]. doi:10.5455/rmj.20260308095620

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Mohamed TB, Hassan ME, Mohamed MA, Alotaibi AA, Abdalhalim AR, Khattab AA, Ali NA. Cholera preventive practices amid conflict among households: Socio-demographic and WASH determinants in Sennar State, Sudan. RMJ. 2026; 51(3): 662-665. doi:10.5455/rmj.20260308095620


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Mohamed TB, Hassan ME, Mohamed MA, Alotaibi AA, Abdalhalim AR, Khattab AA, Ali NA. Cholera preventive practices amid conflict among households: Socio-demographic and WASH determinants in Sennar State, Sudan. RMJ. (2026), [cited August 19, 2026]; 51(3): 662-665. doi:10.5455/rmj.20260308095620


Harvard Style

Mohamed, T. B., Hassan, . M. E., Mohamed, . M. A., Alotaibi, . A. A., Abdalhalim, . A. R., Khattab, . A. A. & Ali, . N. A. (2026) Cholera preventive practices amid conflict among households: Socio-demographic and WASH determinants in Sennar State, Sudan. RMJ, 51 (3), 662-665. doi:10.5455/rmj.20260308095620


Turabian Style

Mohamed, Tahani Babiker, Mohamed Elfatih Hassan, Manal Abasher Mohamed, Amani Awwadh Alotaibi, Amal Ramadan Abdalhalim, Ashraf Abdelmageid Khattab, and Nasir A Ali. 2026. Cholera preventive practices amid conflict among households: Socio-demographic and WASH determinants in Sennar State, Sudan. Rawal Medical Journal, 51 (3), 662-665. doi:10.5455/rmj.20260308095620


Chicago Style

Mohamed, Tahani Babiker, Mohamed Elfatih Hassan, Manal Abasher Mohamed, Amani Awwadh Alotaibi, Amal Ramadan Abdalhalim, Ashraf Abdelmageid Khattab, and Nasir A Ali. "Cholera preventive practices amid conflict among households: Socio-demographic and WASH determinants in Sennar State, Sudan." Rawal Medical Journal 51 (2026), 662-665. doi:10.5455/rmj.20260308095620


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Mohamed, Tahani Babiker, Mohamed Elfatih Hassan, Manal Abasher Mohamed, Amani Awwadh Alotaibi, Amal Ramadan Abdalhalim, Ashraf Abdelmageid Khattab, and Nasir A Ali. "Cholera preventive practices amid conflict among households: Socio-demographic and WASH determinants in Sennar State, Sudan." Rawal Medical Journal 51.3 (2026), 662-665. Print. doi:10.5455/rmj.20260308095620


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Mohamed, T. B., Hassan, . M. E., Mohamed, . M. A., Alotaibi, . A. A., Abdalhalim, . A. R., Khattab, . A. A. & Ali, . N. A. (2026) Cholera preventive practices amid conflict among households: Socio-demographic and WASH determinants in Sennar State, Sudan. Rawal Medical Journal, 51 (3), 662-665. doi:10.5455/rmj.20260308095620


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