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Original Research 
RMJ. 2025; 50(4): 1004-1007


Labor induction vs. spontaneous onset: A comparative study of childbirth experience in Pakistani women

Hadia Riaz, Fatima Bibi, Michelle Maria, Faryall Zafar, Aemon, Seema Ashfaque Abro.


Abstract
Objective: To examine how labor induction is linked to the child-birth experience and to assess differences in maternal and newborn outcomes in the two groups.
Methodology: The cross-sectional analytical study took place from January to July 2024 at a tertiary healthcare center in Pakistan and included 101 women delivering at term. Primiparous and multiparous women were included. All participants were divided into two different groups: induced labor (n=62) and spontaneous onset (n=39). We used the Childbirth Experience Questionnaire (CEQ) to collect data on age, gestational age, labor duration, use of analgesia, mode of delivery and CEQ scores. To look for associations, Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were used, with a p-value<0.05 being significant.
Results: Women who had induced labor were more likely to use analgesia (p=0.021), and their labors were more frequently augmented (p=0.014). A significant higher number of women with spontaneous labor reported positive childbirth experiences (CEQ >50), than those with induced labor (p=0.001). No statistical differences were found in the rates of both cesarean sections and neonatal intensive care unit admissions. There were fewer cases of labor augmentation and more satisfaction among mothers who had spontaneous labor. CEQ scores were significantly influenced by gestational age, analgesia use, and the duration of labor.
Conclusion: Women who went through spontaneous labor had much better child-birth experiences than those who underwent induction.

Key words: Labor induction, spontaneous labor, childbirth experience, CEQ score, maternal satisfaction, mode of delivery.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Riaz H, Bibi F, Maria M, Zafar F, Aemon , Abro SA. Labor induction vs. spontaneous onset: A comparative study of childbirth experience in Pakistani women. RMJ. 2025; 50(4): 1004-1007.

Web Style

Riaz H, Bibi F, Maria M, Zafar F, Aemon , Abro SA. Labor induction vs. spontaneous onset: A comparative study of childbirth experience in Pakistani women. https://www.rmj.org.pk/?mno=260254 [Access: October 30, 2025].

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Riaz H, Bibi F, Maria M, Zafar F, Aemon , Abro SA. Labor induction vs. spontaneous onset: A comparative study of childbirth experience in Pakistani women. RMJ. 2025; 50(4): 1004-1007.


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Riaz H, Bibi F, Maria M, Zafar F, Aemon , Abro SA. Labor induction vs. spontaneous onset: A comparative study of childbirth experience in Pakistani women. RMJ. (2025), [cited October 30, 2025]; 50(4): 1004-1007.


Harvard Style

Riaz, H., Bibi, . F., Maria, . M., Zafar, . F., Aemon, . & Abro, . S. A. (2025) Labor induction vs. spontaneous onset: A comparative study of childbirth experience in Pakistani women. RMJ, 50 (4), 1004-1007.


Turabian Style

Riaz, Hadia, Fatima Bibi, Michelle Maria, Faryall Zafar, Aemon, and Seema Ashfaque Abro. 2025. Labor induction vs. spontaneous onset: A comparative study of childbirth experience in Pakistani women. Rawal Medical Journal, 50 (4), 1004-1007.


Chicago Style

Riaz, Hadia, Fatima Bibi, Michelle Maria, Faryall Zafar, Aemon, and Seema Ashfaque Abro. "Labor induction vs. spontaneous onset: A comparative study of childbirth experience in Pakistani women." Rawal Medical Journal 50 (2025), 1004-1007.


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Riaz, Hadia, Fatima Bibi, Michelle Maria, Faryall Zafar, Aemon, and Seema Ashfaque Abro. "Labor induction vs. spontaneous onset: A comparative study of childbirth experience in Pakistani women." Rawal Medical Journal 50.4 (2025), 1004-1007. Print.


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Riaz, H., Bibi, . F., Maria, . M., Zafar, . F., Aemon, . & Abro, . S. A. (2025) Labor induction vs. spontaneous onset: A comparative study of childbirth experience in Pakistani women. Rawal Medical Journal, 50 (4), 1004-1007.


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