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Original Research 
RMJ. 2025; 50(4): 1000-1003


Relationship of depressive illness to subfertility and thyroid disease in women seeking fertility treatment at a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan

Nisha Hassan Hassan, Shazia Nayyar, Qudsia Nawaz, Sidra Iqbal, Shagufta Parveen, Maliha Khawar.


Abstract
Objective: To determine the frequency of hypothyroidism in women coming for sub-fertility issue at CMH Lahore.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study included 260 women seeking treatment of subfertility in Department of Gynecology, CMH Lahore from Jan 2022-Jan2023. A simple random sampling technique was used. Sample size 260 was calculated from Cochran formula. Fertiqol-A standardized and validated questionnaire was used as google forms. Data were analyzed using SPSS 24.
Results: Among a target population of 260, the majority were in the age range of 20-30 years. Among the euthyroid individuals, 72.8% (180/247), whereas among hypothyroid individuals, 83.3% (10/12) were ‘Highly Depressed.’ There may exist a positive association between hypothyroidism and depressive illness.
Conclusion: Hypothyroid sub fertile women face a higher risk of significant depression, indicating the need for an integrated approach and counseling to improve treatment outcomes and overall quality of life.

Key words: Depression, Fertiqol, hypothyroidism, infertility, subfertility, thyroid disorders.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Hassan NH, Nayyar S, Nawaz Q, Iqbal S, Parveen S, Khawar M. Relationship of depressive illness to subfertility and thyroid disease in women seeking fertility treatment at a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. RMJ. 2025; 50(4): 1000-1003.

Web Style

Hassan NH, Nayyar S, Nawaz Q, Iqbal S, Parveen S, Khawar M. Relationship of depressive illness to subfertility and thyroid disease in women seeking fertility treatment at a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. https://www.rmj.org.pk/?mno=199262 [Access: October 31, 2025].

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Hassan NH, Nayyar S, Nawaz Q, Iqbal S, Parveen S, Khawar M. Relationship of depressive illness to subfertility and thyroid disease in women seeking fertility treatment at a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. RMJ. 2025; 50(4): 1000-1003.


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Hassan NH, Nayyar S, Nawaz Q, Iqbal S, Parveen S, Khawar M. Relationship of depressive illness to subfertility and thyroid disease in women seeking fertility treatment at a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. RMJ. (2025), [cited October 31, 2025]; 50(4): 1000-1003.


Harvard Style

Hassan, N. H., Nayyar, . S., Nawaz, . Q., Iqbal, . S., Parveen, . S. & Khawar, . M. (2025) Relationship of depressive illness to subfertility and thyroid disease in women seeking fertility treatment at a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. RMJ, 50 (4), 1000-1003.


Turabian Style

Hassan, Nisha Hassan, Shazia Nayyar, Qudsia Nawaz, Sidra Iqbal, Shagufta Parveen, and Maliha Khawar. 2025. Relationship of depressive illness to subfertility and thyroid disease in women seeking fertility treatment at a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. Rawal Medical Journal, 50 (4), 1000-1003.


Chicago Style

Hassan, Nisha Hassan, Shazia Nayyar, Qudsia Nawaz, Sidra Iqbal, Shagufta Parveen, and Maliha Khawar. "Relationship of depressive illness to subfertility and thyroid disease in women seeking fertility treatment at a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan." Rawal Medical Journal 50 (2025), 1000-1003.


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Hassan, Nisha Hassan, Shazia Nayyar, Qudsia Nawaz, Sidra Iqbal, Shagufta Parveen, and Maliha Khawar. "Relationship of depressive illness to subfertility and thyroid disease in women seeking fertility treatment at a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan." Rawal Medical Journal 50.4 (2025), 1000-1003. Print.


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Hassan, N. H., Nayyar, . S., Nawaz, . Q., Iqbal, . S., Parveen, . S. & Khawar, . M. (2025) Relationship of depressive illness to subfertility and thyroid disease in women seeking fertility treatment at a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. Rawal Medical Journal, 50 (4), 1000-1003.


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