ISSN 0303-5212
 
2026, Vol: 51, Issue: 1
51 / 1Current Issue Online FirstArchiveAims and ScopeAbstracting & IndexingMost Accessed ArticlesMost Downloaded ArticlesMost Cited Articles
Required files to be uploaded

Author_Certificate
Bank Reciept

Original Research 
RMJ. 2026; 51(1): 160-163


Screen time and its association with headache and sleep disturbances

Saad Mushtaq Malik, Asem Hameed, Imran Saeed, Kashif Ali, Muhammad Khizar Niazi, Omer Jalal.


Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the relationship between screen exposure, headaches, and sleep disturbances among medical undergraduates.
Methodology: This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on undergraduate Medical College students at Multan from January 2024 to July 2024. Google Forms was used to distribute a semi-structured questionnaire. Non-probability convenience sampling technique was used.
Results: A total 454 students were enrolled in the study. Mean age was 19.20±3.38 years, with 159 (35.02%) males and 295 (64.97%) females. The average daily screen time among the students was >6 hours. Out of 315 students who experienced headaches, 234 (74.28%) associated an increase in the frequency of headaches with an increase in screen time (p=0.00). Additionally, there was a highly significant correlation (p=0.00) between screen time and sleep disturbance.
Conclusion: Screen time was strongly associated with headaches and sleep disturbances among undergraduate students.

Key words: Disturbances, headache, screen time, sleep, students.


 
ARTICLE TOOLS
Abstract
PDF Fulltext
How to cite this articleHow to cite this article
Citation Tools
Related Records
 Articles by Saad Mushtaq Malik
Articles by Asem Hameed
Articles by Imran Saeed
Articles by Kashif Ali
Articles by Muhammad Khizar Niazi
Articles by Omer Jalal
on Google
on Google Scholar

How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Malik SM, Hameed A, Saeed I, Ali K, Niazi MK, Jalal O. Screen time and its association with headache and sleep disturbances. RMJ. 2026; 51(1): 160-163.

Web Style

Malik SM, Hameed A, Saeed I, Ali K, Niazi MK, Jalal O. Screen time and its association with headache and sleep disturbances. https://www.rmj.org.pk/?mno=282317 [Access: February 21, 2026].

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Malik SM, Hameed A, Saeed I, Ali K, Niazi MK, Jalal O. Screen time and its association with headache and sleep disturbances. RMJ. 2026; 51(1): 160-163.


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Malik SM, Hameed A, Saeed I, Ali K, Niazi MK, Jalal O. Screen time and its association with headache and sleep disturbances. RMJ. (2026), [cited February 21, 2026]; 51(1): 160-163.


Harvard Style

Malik, S. M., Hameed, . A., Saeed, . I., Ali, . K., Niazi, . M. K. & Jalal, . O. (2026) Screen time and its association with headache and sleep disturbances. RMJ, 51 (1), 160-163.


Turabian Style

Malik, Saad Mushtaq, Asem Hameed, Imran Saeed, Kashif Ali, Muhammad Khizar Niazi, and Omer Jalal. 2026. Screen time and its association with headache and sleep disturbances. Rawal Medical Journal, 51 (1), 160-163.


Chicago Style

Malik, Saad Mushtaq, Asem Hameed, Imran Saeed, Kashif Ali, Muhammad Khizar Niazi, and Omer Jalal. "Screen time and its association with headache and sleep disturbances." Rawal Medical Journal 51 (2026), 160-163.


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Malik, Saad Mushtaq, Asem Hameed, Imran Saeed, Kashif Ali, Muhammad Khizar Niazi, and Omer Jalal. "Screen time and its association with headache and sleep disturbances." Rawal Medical Journal 51.1 (2026), 160-163. Print.


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Malik, S. M., Hameed, . A., Saeed, . I., Ali, . K., Niazi, . M. K. & Jalal, . O. (2026) Screen time and its association with headache and sleep disturbances. Rawal Medical Journal, 51 (1), 160-163.


Author LoginReviewer LoginEditorial PoliciesConflict of Interest PolicyPlagiarism PolicyAdvertising Policy

About Rawal Medical Journal

Publication, subscription and Editorial office PMA House G/220-B Liaquat Road, Rawalpindi. Phone: 051-555-9812, Fax: 051-553-7088 Email: drnkhokhar@ya ... Read more.



For best results, please use Internet Explorer or Google Chrome.

Contact Information