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Original Research 
RMJ. 2023; 48(3): 707-710


Reference values of beta human chorionic gonadotrophin (β-hCG) and pregnancy associated placental protein-A (PAPP-A) among women aged 20–40 years at 9-10 weeks of normal gestation

Lubna Shaheen, Asim Mumtaz, Rehma Dar, Saadia Maqbool.


Abstract
Objective: To determine the reference values of beta hCG and PAPP-A among women aged 20– 40 years at 9-10 weeks of normal gestation.
Methodology: This descriptive observational study was conducted at Pathology Department of PGMI/Lahore General Hospital, Lahore from May, 2018 to June, 2020 and included 500 women at 9-10 weeks of gestation. Those with molar pregnancy, multiple pregnancies, threatened abortion, abnormal obstetric ultrasound findings, history of chronic diseases and smoking were excluded. Quantitative analysis of PAPP-A and β-hCG was performed on Backman Coulter Access 2 Immunoassay. Data was entered in SPSS version 21. Median and IQR were calculated for β-hCG and PAPP-A for total samples and in various subgroups of this population. Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test were applied to find association between levels of β-HCG and PAPP-A with parity and age respectively.
Results: Out of 500 women, 214 (43%) were primigravida and 286 (57%) multigravidas. Mean age was 27.3±7.5 years. The median (IQR) values for β-hCG and PAPP-A were 53449.5(33322.5) mIU/ml and 425.10 (262.60) ng/ml, respectively. There was no significant association between levels of β-hCG and PAPP-A and parity. However, significant association was found between value of β-hCG and maternal age.
Conclusion: The median values of β-hCG and PAPP-A at 9-10 weeks of normal gestation were 53449.5 mIU/ml and 425.10 ng/ml, respectively. Significant association was found between value of β-hCG and maternal age.

Key words: PAPP-A, β-hCG, pregnancy, parity, reference.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Shaheen L, Mumtaz A, Dar R, Maqbool S. Reference values of beta human chorionic gonadotrophin (β-hCG) and pregnancy associated placental protein-A (PAPP-A) among women aged 20–40 years at 9-10 weeks of normal gestation. RMJ. 2023; 48(3): 707-710.

Web Style

Shaheen L, Mumtaz A, Dar R, Maqbool S. Reference values of beta human chorionic gonadotrophin (β-hCG) and pregnancy associated placental protein-A (PAPP-A) among women aged 20–40 years at 9-10 weeks of normal gestation. https://www.rmj.org.pk/?mno=24586 [Access: May 14, 2025].

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Shaheen L, Mumtaz A, Dar R, Maqbool S. Reference values of beta human chorionic gonadotrophin (β-hCG) and pregnancy associated placental protein-A (PAPP-A) among women aged 20–40 years at 9-10 weeks of normal gestation. RMJ. 2023; 48(3): 707-710.


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Shaheen L, Mumtaz A, Dar R, Maqbool S. Reference values of beta human chorionic gonadotrophin (β-hCG) and pregnancy associated placental protein-A (PAPP-A) among women aged 20–40 years at 9-10 weeks of normal gestation. RMJ. (2023), [cited May 14, 2025]; 48(3): 707-710.


Harvard Style

Shaheen, L., Mumtaz, . A., Dar, . R. & Maqbool, . S. (2023) Reference values of beta human chorionic gonadotrophin (β-hCG) and pregnancy associated placental protein-A (PAPP-A) among women aged 20–40 years at 9-10 weeks of normal gestation. RMJ, 48 (3), 707-710.


Turabian Style

Shaheen, Lubna, Asim Mumtaz, Rehma Dar, and Saadia Maqbool. 2023. Reference values of beta human chorionic gonadotrophin (β-hCG) and pregnancy associated placental protein-A (PAPP-A) among women aged 20–40 years at 9-10 weeks of normal gestation. Rawal Medical Journal, 48 (3), 707-710.


Chicago Style

Shaheen, Lubna, Asim Mumtaz, Rehma Dar, and Saadia Maqbool. "Reference values of beta human chorionic gonadotrophin (β-hCG) and pregnancy associated placental protein-A (PAPP-A) among women aged 20–40 years at 9-10 weeks of normal gestation." Rawal Medical Journal 48 (2023), 707-710.


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Shaheen, Lubna, Asim Mumtaz, Rehma Dar, and Saadia Maqbool. "Reference values of beta human chorionic gonadotrophin (β-hCG) and pregnancy associated placental protein-A (PAPP-A) among women aged 20–40 years at 9-10 weeks of normal gestation." Rawal Medical Journal 48.3 (2023), 707-710. Print.


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Shaheen, L., Mumtaz, . A., Dar, . R. & Maqbool, . S. (2023) Reference values of beta human chorionic gonadotrophin (β-hCG) and pregnancy associated placental protein-A (PAPP-A) among women aged 20–40 years at 9-10 weeks of normal gestation. Rawal Medical Journal, 48 (3), 707-710.


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