ISSN 0303-5212
 

Original Research 
RMJ. 2021; 46(4): 803-805


Effects of smoking on lung function in students of university of Lahore, Pakistan

Obaid Ur Rehman, Fareeha Amjad, Muhammad Waqas.

Abstract
Objective: To find effects of smoking on forced expiratory volume in one second (FVC1), Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) and the ratio between the two, with help of Peak Expiratory Flow Meter (PEFM) in university students.
Methodology: This observational study was conducted at University of Lahore and by convenient sampling technique, 191 male students of age between 18 and 30 years were selected and 161 healthy candidates were included. Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) and Lung function Questionnaire (LFQ) were used to assess the symptomatic risk factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in smokers, ex-smokers and nonsmokers. Spirometry was performed by Hand Held “Peak Expiratory Flow Spirometer” according to American Thoracic Society guidelines. Lung volumes were calculated by online spirometer calculator. Data were analyzed through SPSS 21 version.
Results: There was decrease in FEV1 and FEV1/FVC ratio in smokers compared to ex-smokers and non-smokers.
Conclusion: The decrease in lung volume/capacity and the risk of chronic obstructive lung disease is directly proportional to number of cigarettes smoked per day/week and years.

Key words: Force Expiratory Volume, FEV1, Forced Vital Capacity, FVC, Forced Expiratory Volume, Forced Vital Capacity Ratio, FEV1/FVC.


 
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Pubmed Style

Rehman OU, Amjad F, Waqas M. Effects of smoking on lung function in students of university of Lahore, Pakistan. RMJ. 2021; 46(4): 803-805.


Web Style

Rehman OU, Amjad F, Waqas M. Effects of smoking on lung function in students of university of Lahore, Pakistan. https://www.rmj.org.pk/?mno=78089 [Access: December 06, 2023].


AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Rehman OU, Amjad F, Waqas M. Effects of smoking on lung function in students of university of Lahore, Pakistan. RMJ. 2021; 46(4): 803-805.



Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Rehman OU, Amjad F, Waqas M. Effects of smoking on lung function in students of university of Lahore, Pakistan. RMJ. (2021), [cited December 06, 2023]; 46(4): 803-805.



Harvard Style

Rehman, O. U., Amjad, . F. & Waqas, . M. (2021) Effects of smoking on lung function in students of university of Lahore, Pakistan. RMJ, 46 (4), 803-805.



Turabian Style

Rehman, Obaid Ur, Fareeha Amjad, and Muhammad Waqas. 2021. Effects of smoking on lung function in students of university of Lahore, Pakistan. Rawal Medical Journal, 46 (4), 803-805.



Chicago Style

Rehman, Obaid Ur, Fareeha Amjad, and Muhammad Waqas. "Effects of smoking on lung function in students of university of Lahore, Pakistan." Rawal Medical Journal 46 (2021), 803-805.



MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Rehman, Obaid Ur, Fareeha Amjad, and Muhammad Waqas. "Effects of smoking on lung function in students of university of Lahore, Pakistan." Rawal Medical Journal 46.4 (2021), 803-805. Print.



APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Rehman, O. U., Amjad, . F. & Waqas, . M. (2021) Effects of smoking on lung function in students of university of Lahore, Pakistan. Rawal Medical Journal, 46 (4), 803-805.