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Original Research 


An improved Kalman Filter in Photoplethysmography DC Component Denoising for cardiorespiratory analysis

Muhammad Kashif, Muhammad Fahmi, Dita Aprilia Hariyani, Akif Rahmatilah, Khusnul Ain, Yunus Susilo, Ardiyansyah Syahrom, Suryani Dyah Astuti.

Abstract
Objective: To design an improved accuracy filter for photoplethysmography Direct Current (DC) component denoising and clinically applicable measurement design.
Methodology: The data source for this study was obtained from Physionet. The obtained PPG signal was mixed with seven different types of noises. The seven different derivates of PPG signals were denoised using 4 types of denoisers that were designed using Infinite impulse response (IIR), finite impulse response (FIR), Kalman, and improved Kalman filters. The difference can be measured by the SNR value, the lower signal to noise ratio (SNR) value shows higher noise in the signal.
Results: SNR value achieved on FIR filter was 7.54dB, IIR 9.08dB, Kalman 18.96dB and the maximum SNR achieved on the improved Kalman filter which is 24.76 dB.
Conclusion: It can be said that the Improved Kalman Filter is more appropriate for DC signal denoising in PPG signals rather than the FIR filter, IIR filter, and Kalman filter.

Key words: PPG signal, motion artifact, Kalman filter, Health care.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Kashif M, Fahmi M, Hariyani DA, Rahmatilah A, Ain K, Susilo Y, Syahrom A, Astuti SD. An improved Kalman Filter in Photoplethysmography DC Component Denoising for cardiorespiratory analysis. RMJ. 2022; 47(3): 741-745. doi:10.5456/rmj.2004

Web Style

Kashif M, Fahmi M, Hariyani DA, Rahmatilah A, Ain K, Susilo Y, Syahrom A, Astuti SD. An improved Kalman Filter in Photoplethysmography DC Component Denoising for cardiorespiratory analysis. https://www.rmj.org.pk/?mno=48464 [Access: December 04, 2023]. doi:10.5456/rmj.2004

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Kashif M, Fahmi M, Hariyani DA, Rahmatilah A, Ain K, Susilo Y, Syahrom A, Astuti SD. An improved Kalman Filter in Photoplethysmography DC Component Denoising for cardiorespiratory analysis. RMJ. 2022; 47(3): 741-745. doi:10.5456/rmj.2004


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Kashif M, Fahmi M, Hariyani DA, Rahmatilah A, Ain K, Susilo Y, Syahrom A, Astuti SD. An improved Kalman Filter in Photoplethysmography DC Component Denoising for cardiorespiratory analysis. RMJ. (2022), [cited December 04, 2023]; 47(3): 741-745. doi:10.5456/rmj.2004


Harvard Style

Kashif, M., Fahmi, . M., Hariyani, . D. A., Rahmatilah, . A., Ain, . K., Susilo, . Y., Syahrom, . A. & Astuti, . S. D. (2022) An improved Kalman Filter in Photoplethysmography DC Component Denoising for cardiorespiratory analysis. RMJ, 47 (3), 741-745. doi:10.5456/rmj.2004


Turabian Style

Kashif, Muhammad, Muhammad Fahmi, Dita Aprilia Hariyani, Akif Rahmatilah, Khusnul Ain, Yunus Susilo, Ardiyansyah Syahrom, and Suryani Dyah Astuti. 2022. An improved Kalman Filter in Photoplethysmography DC Component Denoising for cardiorespiratory analysis. Rawal Medical Journal, 47 (3), 741-745. doi:10.5456/rmj.2004


Chicago Style

Kashif, Muhammad, Muhammad Fahmi, Dita Aprilia Hariyani, Akif Rahmatilah, Khusnul Ain, Yunus Susilo, Ardiyansyah Syahrom, and Suryani Dyah Astuti. "An improved Kalman Filter in Photoplethysmography DC Component Denoising for cardiorespiratory analysis." Rawal Medical Journal 47 (2022), 741-745. doi:10.5456/rmj.2004


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Kashif, Muhammad, Muhammad Fahmi, Dita Aprilia Hariyani, Akif Rahmatilah, Khusnul Ain, Yunus Susilo, Ardiyansyah Syahrom, and Suryani Dyah Astuti. "An improved Kalman Filter in Photoplethysmography DC Component Denoising for cardiorespiratory analysis." Rawal Medical Journal 47.3 (2022), 741-745. Print. doi:10.5456/rmj.2004


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Kashif, M., Fahmi, . M., Hariyani, . D. A., Rahmatilah, . A., Ain, . K., Susilo, . Y., Syahrom, . A. & Astuti, . S. D. (2022) An improved Kalman Filter in Photoplethysmography DC Component Denoising for cardiorespiratory analysis. Rawal Medical Journal, 47 (3), 741-745. doi:10.5456/rmj.2004


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