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Original Research 
RMJ. 2026; 51(3): 819-824


Effects of calisthenics exercises versus circuit training on pulmonary function, cardiorespiratory fitness, and chest expansion in chronic stroke patients

Muhammad Ahmed Javed, Umer Ali, Wajeeha Zia, Maria Siddique, Muhammad Hamza Munir, Usman Iqbal Janjua.


Abstract
Objective: To compare the effects of Calisthenics exercises and Circuit training on pulmonary function, cardiorespiratory fitness, and chest expansion in patients with chronic stroke.
Methodology: This randomized clinical trial was a single-blinded study carried out at Tariq Hospital, Lahore, from April 2024 to November 2024. A total of 66 patients with post-6-month ischemic stroke were included in the study. They were randomly allocated to calisthenics (n=33) and circuit training (n=33) groups. Interventions were given for 8 weeks. Outcomes were measured using Spirometry, the 6-Minute Walk Test, and circumferential chest measurements. Data were recorded at baseline and after 8th week of treatment and were analysed by SPSS 24.
Results: Both interventions led to significant improvements (p<0.05). However, the calisthenics group showed notably greater improvement in FEV1 (p=0.017), FVC/FEV1 ratio (p<0.001), and peak expiratory flow (p<0.001), and chest expansion (p=0.01), 6-minute walk test distance (p=0.013), and a more pronounced decrease in heart rate (p=0.001) than the circuit training group with effect sizes as d ≈ 0.4 for Heart rate, Borg Dyspnea, RPE, FEV1/FVC, PEF, chest expansion (mid & lower), d ≈ 0.3 for 6MWT distance, systolic BP, FEV1, chest expansion (upper), and d<0.2 for Diastolic BP, O₂ saturation, FVC.
Conclusion: Calisthenics exercises showed better improvements in pulmonary function, chest expansion, and cardiorespiratory fitness for chronic stroke patients as compared to circuit training.

Key words: Stroke rehabilitation, pulmonary function, cardiorespiratory fitness, calisthenics, circuit training.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Javed MA, Ali U, Zia W, Siddique M, Munir MH, Janjua UI. Effects of calisthenics exercises versus circuit training on pulmonary function, cardiorespiratory fitness, and chest expansion in chronic stroke patients. RMJ. 2026; 51(3): 819-824.

Web Style

Javed MA, Ali U, Zia W, Siddique M, Munir MH, Janjua UI. Effects of calisthenics exercises versus circuit training on pulmonary function, cardiorespiratory fitness, and chest expansion in chronic stroke patients. https://www.rmj.org.pk/?mno=261643 [Access: August 19, 2026].

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Javed MA, Ali U, Zia W, Siddique M, Munir MH, Janjua UI. Effects of calisthenics exercises versus circuit training on pulmonary function, cardiorespiratory fitness, and chest expansion in chronic stroke patients. RMJ. 2026; 51(3): 819-824.


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Javed MA, Ali U, Zia W, Siddique M, Munir MH, Janjua UI. Effects of calisthenics exercises versus circuit training on pulmonary function, cardiorespiratory fitness, and chest expansion in chronic stroke patients. RMJ. (2026), [cited August 19, 2026]; 51(3): 819-824.


Harvard Style

Javed, M. A., Ali, . U., Zia, . W., Siddique, . M., Munir, . M. H. & Janjua, . U. I. (2026) Effects of calisthenics exercises versus circuit training on pulmonary function, cardiorespiratory fitness, and chest expansion in chronic stroke patients. RMJ, 51 (3), 819-824.


Turabian Style

Javed, Muhammad Ahmed, Umer Ali, Wajeeha Zia, Maria Siddique, Muhammad Hamza Munir, and Usman Iqbal Janjua. 2026. Effects of calisthenics exercises versus circuit training on pulmonary function, cardiorespiratory fitness, and chest expansion in chronic stroke patients. Rawal Medical Journal, 51 (3), 819-824.


Chicago Style

Javed, Muhammad Ahmed, Umer Ali, Wajeeha Zia, Maria Siddique, Muhammad Hamza Munir, and Usman Iqbal Janjua. "Effects of calisthenics exercises versus circuit training on pulmonary function, cardiorespiratory fitness, and chest expansion in chronic stroke patients." Rawal Medical Journal 51 (2026), 819-824.


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Javed, Muhammad Ahmed, Umer Ali, Wajeeha Zia, Maria Siddique, Muhammad Hamza Munir, and Usman Iqbal Janjua. "Effects of calisthenics exercises versus circuit training on pulmonary function, cardiorespiratory fitness, and chest expansion in chronic stroke patients." Rawal Medical Journal 51.3 (2026), 819-824. Print.


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Javed, M. A., Ali, . U., Zia, . W., Siddique, . M., Munir, . M. H. & Janjua, . U. I. (2026) Effects of calisthenics exercises versus circuit training on pulmonary function, cardiorespiratory fitness, and chest expansion in chronic stroke patients. Rawal Medical Journal, 51 (3), 819-824.


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