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Original Research 
RMJ. 2026; 51(3): 700-702


Frequency of autonomic dysfunction in patients with Guillain-Barré Syndrome presenting in a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan

Muhammad Imran, Madiha Malik, Madeeha Qamar, Ammar Yasir, Shahid Mukhtar, Mohsin Zaheer.


Abstract
Objective: To determine the frequency of autonomic dysfunction in patients with Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS).
Methodology: This retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Neurology, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, from 02-01-2024 to 02-07-2024. A total of 100 patients with GBS were enrolled through non-probability consecutive sampling technique. Nerve conduction studies (NCS) and electromyography (EMG) were done using Cadwell Sierra II Wedge NCS EMG machine. Data regarding autonomic dysfunction were retrieved from the patient records.
Results: Out of 100 patients, 52 were in the age group of 12-40 years, and 48 were in the age group of 41-65 years (mean age was 40.63±9.79 years). Sixty-four patients were male, and 36 were female. Autonomic dysfunction was found in 20 (20%) patients.
Conclusion: The frequency of autonomic dysfunction in patients with GBS was 20%. Therefore, vigilant monitoring and proper treatment are required for autonomic dysfunction to decrease mortality.

Key words: Autonomic dysfunction, Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS), Neuropathy.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Imran M, Malik M, Qamar M, Yasir A, Mukhtar S, Zaheer M. Frequency of autonomic dysfunction in patients with Guillain-Barré Syndrome presenting in a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. RMJ. 2026; 51(3): 700-702.

Web Style

Imran M, Malik M, Qamar M, Yasir A, Mukhtar S, Zaheer M. Frequency of autonomic dysfunction in patients with Guillain-Barré Syndrome presenting in a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. https://www.rmj.org.pk/?mno=218092 [Access: August 19, 2026].

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Imran M, Malik M, Qamar M, Yasir A, Mukhtar S, Zaheer M. Frequency of autonomic dysfunction in patients with Guillain-Barré Syndrome presenting in a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. RMJ. 2026; 51(3): 700-702.


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Imran M, Malik M, Qamar M, Yasir A, Mukhtar S, Zaheer M. Frequency of autonomic dysfunction in patients with Guillain-Barré Syndrome presenting in a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. RMJ. (2026), [cited August 19, 2026]; 51(3): 700-702.


Harvard Style

Imran, M., Malik, . M., Qamar, . M., Yasir, . A., Mukhtar, . S. & Zaheer, . M. (2026) Frequency of autonomic dysfunction in patients with Guillain-Barré Syndrome presenting in a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. RMJ, 51 (3), 700-702.


Turabian Style

Imran, Muhammad, Madiha Malik, Madeeha Qamar, Ammar Yasir, Shahid Mukhtar, and Mohsin Zaheer. 2026. Frequency of autonomic dysfunction in patients with Guillain-Barré Syndrome presenting in a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. Rawal Medical Journal, 51 (3), 700-702.


Chicago Style

Imran, Muhammad, Madiha Malik, Madeeha Qamar, Ammar Yasir, Shahid Mukhtar, and Mohsin Zaheer. "Frequency of autonomic dysfunction in patients with Guillain-Barré Syndrome presenting in a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan." Rawal Medical Journal 51 (2026), 700-702.


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Imran, Muhammad, Madiha Malik, Madeeha Qamar, Ammar Yasir, Shahid Mukhtar, and Mohsin Zaheer. "Frequency of autonomic dysfunction in patients with Guillain-Barré Syndrome presenting in a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan." Rawal Medical Journal 51.3 (2026), 700-702. Print.


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Imran, M., Malik, . M., Qamar, . M., Yasir, . A., Mukhtar, . S. & Zaheer, . M. (2026) Frequency of autonomic dysfunction in patients with Guillain-Barré Syndrome presenting in a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. Rawal Medical Journal, 51 (3), 700-702.


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