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Original Research 
RMJ. 2020; 45(2): 388-391


Frequency of musculoskeletal disorders among prisoners of Lahore, Pakistan

Anila Afzal, Gulnaz Zaheer, Umer Maqsood, Hafiz Sheraz Arshad, Tahir Mahmood.

Abstract
Objective: To determine the frequencies of musculoskeletal disorders among male and female prisoners of Central Jail, Lahore.
Methodology: This descriptive cross sectional study included male and female prisoners of central jail, Lahore. Convenient sampling was used. Data were collected through Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire.
Results: Out of 294 subjects, 57% were male and 43% females. The musculoskeletal disorders are very common; disorders of knee were 60%, being the highest affected body part. Low back pain was 2nd most common disorders (51%) followed by ankle and foot (35%).
Conclusion: Musculoskeletal disorders were highly prevalent among prisoners of Lahore. Both male and females are commonly affected. Lower limb was more affected than upper limb. The most commonly affected areas are knees, low back ankle and foot.

Key words: Musculoskeletal disorders, Nordic, Pain, Lahore, Prisoners.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Afzal A, Zaheer G, Maqsood U, Arshad HS, Mahmood T. Frequency of musculoskeletal disorders among prisoners of Lahore, Pakistan. RMJ. 2020; 45(2): 388-391.

Web Style

Afzal A, Zaheer G, Maqsood U, Arshad HS, Mahmood T. Frequency of musculoskeletal disorders among prisoners of Lahore, Pakistan. https://www.rmj.org.pk/?mno=82944 [Access: December 05, 2023].

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Afzal A, Zaheer G, Maqsood U, Arshad HS, Mahmood T. Frequency of musculoskeletal disorders among prisoners of Lahore, Pakistan. RMJ. 2020; 45(2): 388-391.


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Afzal A, Zaheer G, Maqsood U, Arshad HS, Mahmood T. Frequency of musculoskeletal disorders among prisoners of Lahore, Pakistan. RMJ. (2020), [cited December 05, 2023]; 45(2): 388-391.


Harvard Style

Afzal, A., Zaheer, . G., Maqsood, . U., Arshad, . H. S. & Mahmood, . T. (2020) Frequency of musculoskeletal disorders among prisoners of Lahore, Pakistan. RMJ, 45 (2), 388-391.


Turabian Style

Afzal, Anila, Gulnaz Zaheer, Umer Maqsood, Hafiz Sheraz Arshad, and Tahir Mahmood. 2020. Frequency of musculoskeletal disorders among prisoners of Lahore, Pakistan. Rawal Medical Journal, 45 (2), 388-391.


Chicago Style

Afzal, Anila, Gulnaz Zaheer, Umer Maqsood, Hafiz Sheraz Arshad, and Tahir Mahmood. "Frequency of musculoskeletal disorders among prisoners of Lahore, Pakistan." Rawal Medical Journal 45 (2020), 388-391.


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Afzal, Anila, Gulnaz Zaheer, Umer Maqsood, Hafiz Sheraz Arshad, and Tahir Mahmood. "Frequency of musculoskeletal disorders among prisoners of Lahore, Pakistan." Rawal Medical Journal 45.2 (2020), 388-391. Print.


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Afzal, A., Zaheer, . G., Maqsood, . U., Arshad, . H. S. & Mahmood, . T. (2020) Frequency of musculoskeletal disorders among prisoners of Lahore, Pakistan. Rawal Medical Journal, 45 (2), 388-391.


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