Prevalence of pulmonary hypertension in patients of chronic liver disease

Ghania Ahmad; Nauman Ismat Butt; Fahmina Ashfaq; Aniqa Anser Khan; Maida Nazir; Rehana Raheem

Abstract
Objective: To determine the prevalence of pulmonary hypertension in patients with Chronic Liver Disease.
Methodology: This observational cross-sectional study was done in Department of Medicine, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore from 25th September 2017 to 25th March 2018. A total of 140 patients with chronic liver disease were enrolled. Demographic information was noted. All underwent echocardiography to diagnose pulmonary hypertension. Data were analyzed with SPSS 20.
Results: Of the 140 patients, 61.4% were male while 38.6% female. Mean age was 48.13+7.69 years. Family income up to Rs. 35,000/month was noted in 31.4% while more than 35,000 rupees per month in 68.6%. Diabetes was present in 37.1%. Child-Pugh Class B was seen in 58.6% while Child-Pugh class C in 41.4%. Mean body mass index was 28.21+4.21 kg/m2 and obesity was observed in 27.1%. Mean disease duration was 18.89+9.56 months. Smokers were 22.9%. Pulmonary hypertension was present in 15.0% participants. Severe pulmonary hypertension was seen in 3.6% whereas 11.4% had moderate pulmonary hypertension.
Conclusion: Pulmonary hypertension was prevalent in patients with chronic liver disease. It was associated significantly with diabetes mellitus, socioeconomic status, Child-Pugh class, smoking, disease duration and obesity.

Key words: Chronic liver disease, pulmonary hypertension, cirrhosis.

ABOUT JOURNAL About Publisher Contact Us Editorial & Peer Review Process	POLICIES Privacy Policy Editorial Policy Author's Rights and Obligations Conflict of Interest Policy Plagiarism Policy Advertising Policy	STATEMENTS Terms of Use Author's Rights and Obligations Publication Ethics and Publication Malpractice Statement Protection of Research Participants (Statement On Human And Animal Rights) License Information

This is an open access journal which means that all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This is in accordance with the Budapest Open Access Initiative (BOAI) definition of open access. The articles in Rawal Medical Journal are open access articles licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.

Indexed in Scopus, Web of Science, WHO Index Medicus IMEMR, Emromedex, Pakmedinet, ExtraMED and Tehqeeqat

How to cite this article

	Open Access and Peer-reviewed
Home Journal Issues Guide for Authors Editorial Board Aims & Scope About Journal News & Announcements