ISSN 0303-5212
 

Original Research 
RMJ. 2018; 43(4): 738-742


Serotonin syndrome and concomitant use of tramadol and metoclopramide

Humera Khatoon, Mehreen Muzammil, Sana Sarfaraz, Subia Jamil, Humera Anser.

Abstract
Objective: To identify drug combinations with serotonergic potential and help clinicians to avoid combined use of serotonin-augmenting drugs.
Methodology: This experimental study was conducted on thirty Wistar albino mice, divided into 3 equal groups (I, II, III) treated with distilled water, tramadol+metoclopramide and tramadol only bid for 15 days. Animal behavior, exploratory and locomotor activity were checked using sticky label, novel object and open filed tests. Results were analyzed by two-way ANOVA followed by Scheffe test.
Results: Difference in animal behavior was significant with respect to rearing (p≤0.01, p≤0.001), freezing (p≤0.001, p≤0.05) and grooming (p≤0.01, p≤0.001) when group II was compared with I and III, respectively. Difference was also significant (p≤0.001) when group III was compared with I. In open field test, animals of II and III groups showed hyperlocomotion (p≤0.001) when compared with group I. Difference between II and III was also significant (p≤0.001). In novelty-based tests (novel object and sticky label test), animals showed high level of vigilance (p≤0.001) in groups II and III as compared to group I.
Conclusion: Identification of serotonin-enhancing drugs and combinations is important to ensure patient safety. Animals can act as useful models for such identification.

Key words: Concomitant use, metoclopramide, serotonin syndrome, tramadol.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Khatoon H, Muzammil M, Sarfaraz S, Jamil S, Anser H. Serotonin syndrome and concomitant use of tramadol and metoclopramide. RMJ. 2018; 43(4): 738-742.


Web Style

Khatoon H, Muzammil M, Sarfaraz S, Jamil S, Anser H. Serotonin syndrome and concomitant use of tramadol and metoclopramide. https://www.rmj.org.pk/?mno=293937 [Access: December 06, 2023].


AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Khatoon H, Muzammil M, Sarfaraz S, Jamil S, Anser H. Serotonin syndrome and concomitant use of tramadol and metoclopramide. RMJ. 2018; 43(4): 738-742.



Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Khatoon H, Muzammil M, Sarfaraz S, Jamil S, Anser H. Serotonin syndrome and concomitant use of tramadol and metoclopramide. RMJ. (2018), [cited December 06, 2023]; 43(4): 738-742.



Harvard Style

Khatoon, H., Muzammil, . M., Sarfaraz, . S., Jamil, . S. & Anser, . H. (2018) Serotonin syndrome and concomitant use of tramadol and metoclopramide. RMJ, 43 (4), 738-742.



Turabian Style

Khatoon, Humera, Mehreen Muzammil, Sana Sarfaraz, Subia Jamil, and Humera Anser. 2018. Serotonin syndrome and concomitant use of tramadol and metoclopramide. Rawal Medical Journal, 43 (4), 738-742.



Chicago Style

Khatoon, Humera, Mehreen Muzammil, Sana Sarfaraz, Subia Jamil, and Humera Anser. "Serotonin syndrome and concomitant use of tramadol and metoclopramide." Rawal Medical Journal 43 (2018), 738-742.



MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Khatoon, Humera, Mehreen Muzammil, Sana Sarfaraz, Subia Jamil, and Humera Anser. "Serotonin syndrome and concomitant use of tramadol and metoclopramide." Rawal Medical Journal 43.4 (2018), 738-742. Print.



APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Khatoon, H., Muzammil, . M., Sarfaraz, . S., Jamil, . S. & Anser, . H. (2018) Serotonin syndrome and concomitant use of tramadol and metoclopramide. Rawal Medical Journal, 43 (4), 738-742.