ISSN 0303-5212
 

Original Research
Online Published: 31 Aug 2026
 
RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 908-912


Evaluation of urinary tract infections among chronic kidney disease patients in a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan

Shehla Nargis, Ovais Ullah Shirazi, Hassan Ahmad, Tassawer-e-meran, Waqas Akram, Ali Akhtar.


Abstract
Objective: To assess urinary tract infections (UTIs) among chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients in Lahore, Pakistan.
Methodology: This 8-month cross-sectional quantitative study involved 280 participants. Data were collected from patients’ medical records. The Medication Regimen Complexity Index (MRCI) was used to assess the complexity of a patient's medication regimen. Binary logistic regression and multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationships between various variables and outcomes.
Results: The MRCI revealed varying levels of complexity in medication regimens, with dosing frequency and administration instructions contributing significantly. Symptomatic UTIs, advanced CKD stages, and certain medications showed significant associations with outcomes (p<0.05), highlighting the importance of tailored treatment approaches.
Conclusion: This study provides insights into the clinical characteristics, pharmacotherapy patterns, medication regimen complexity, and outcomes among CKD patients with UTIs, contributing to the understanding of optimal management strategies for this patient population.

Key words: Chronic kidney disease, Lahore, medication regimen complexity, urinary tract infections.


 
ARTICLE TOOLS
Abstract
PDF Fulltext
How to cite this articleHow to cite this article
Citation Tools
Related Records
 Articles by Shehla Nargis
Articles by Ovais Ullah Shirazi
Articles by Hassan Ahmad
Articles by Tassawer-e-Meran
Articles by Waqas Akram
Articles by Ali Akhtar
on Google
on Google Scholar

How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Nargis S, Shirazi OU, Ahmad H, Tassawer-e-meran , Akram W, Akhtar A. Evaluation of urinary tract infections among chronic kidney disease patients in a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 908-912.


Web Style

Nargis S, Shirazi OU, Ahmad H, Tassawer-e-meran , Akram W, Akhtar A. Evaluation of urinary tract infections among chronic kidney disease patients in a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. https://www.rmj.org.pk/?mno=272185 [Access: November 11, 2026].


AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Nargis S, Shirazi OU, Ahmad H, Tassawer-e-meran , Akram W, Akhtar A. Evaluation of urinary tract infections among chronic kidney disease patients in a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. RMJ. 2026; 51(4): 908-912.



Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Nargis S, Shirazi OU, Ahmad H, Tassawer-e-meran , Akram W, Akhtar A. Evaluation of urinary tract infections among chronic kidney disease patients in a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. RMJ. (2026), [cited November 11, 2026]; 51(4): 908-912.



Harvard Style

Nargis, S., Shirazi, . O. U., Ahmad, . H., Tassawer-e-meran, ., Akram, . W. & Akhtar, . A. (2026) Evaluation of urinary tract infections among chronic kidney disease patients in a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. RMJ, 51 (4), 908-912.



Turabian Style

Nargis, Shehla, Ovais Ullah Shirazi, Hassan Ahmad, Tassawer-e-meran, Waqas Akram, and Ali Akhtar. 2026. Evaluation of urinary tract infections among chronic kidney disease patients in a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. Rawal Medical Journal, 51 (4), 908-912.



Chicago Style

Nargis, Shehla, Ovais Ullah Shirazi, Hassan Ahmad, Tassawer-e-meran, Waqas Akram, and Ali Akhtar. "Evaluation of urinary tract infections among chronic kidney disease patients in a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan." Rawal Medical Journal 51 (2026), 908-912.



MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Nargis, Shehla, Ovais Ullah Shirazi, Hassan Ahmad, Tassawer-e-meran, Waqas Akram, and Ali Akhtar. "Evaluation of urinary tract infections among chronic kidney disease patients in a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan." Rawal Medical Journal 51.4 (2026), 908-912. Print.



APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Nargis, S., Shirazi, . O. U., Ahmad, . H., Tassawer-e-meran, ., Akram, . W. & Akhtar, . A. (2026) Evaluation of urinary tract infections among chronic kidney disease patients in a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. Rawal Medical Journal, 51 (4), 908-912.