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Original Research 
RMJ. 2023; 48(2): 444-447

doi: 10.5455/rmj.20230305073651


Prevalence of refractive errors among primary school students in Mosul City, Iraq

Laith Essa Hassan, Humam Ghanim Ibrahim.


Abstract
Objective: To determine the prevalence of refractive errors among Mosul City's elementary school students.
Material: This descriptive cross-sectional study included 661 students from Al-Farahidi Primary School for Boys and Al-Azd Primary School for Girls, Ibn Khaldun School for Boys and Al-Wala'a Primary School for Girls all in Mosul city. The study was carried out from December 2022 February 2023. The Snellen chart and the autorefractometer device were used to examine the visual acuity.
Results: Mean age of pupils was 9.2±1.70 years (median 9 and range 6-14).
Conclusions: The refractive errors among students were few and proportion of vision among students was high. School-age students were practicing electronic activities and games more than physical or motor activity.

Key words: Prevalence, refractive errors, school pupils.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Hassan LE, Ibrahim HG. Prevalence of refractive errors among primary school students in Mosul City, Iraq. RMJ. 2023; 48(2): 444-447.

doi:10.5455/rmj.20230305073651

Web Style

Hassan LE, Ibrahim HG. Prevalence of refractive errors among primary school students in Mosul City, Iraq. https://www.rmj.org.pk/?mno=145497 [Access: June 28, 2026].

doi:10.5455/rmj.20230305073651

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Hassan LE, Ibrahim HG. Prevalence of refractive errors among primary school students in Mosul City, Iraq. RMJ. 2023; 48(2): 444-447.


doi:10.5455/rmj.20230305073651

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Hassan LE, Ibrahim HG. Prevalence of refractive errors among primary school students in Mosul City, Iraq. RMJ. (2023), [cited June 28, 2026]; 48(2): 444-447.


doi:10.5455/rmj.20230305073651

Harvard Style

Hassan, L. E. & Ibrahim, . H. G. (2023) Prevalence of refractive errors among primary school students in Mosul City, Iraq. RMJ, 48 (2), 444-447.


doi:10.5455/rmj.20230305073651

Turabian Style

Hassan, Laith Essa, and Humam Ghanim Ibrahim. 2023. Prevalence of refractive errors among primary school students in Mosul City, Iraq. Rawal Medical Journal, 48 (2), 444-447.


doi:10.5455/rmj.20230305073651

Chicago Style

Hassan, Laith Essa, and Humam Ghanim Ibrahim. "Prevalence of refractive errors among primary school students in Mosul City, Iraq." Rawal Medical Journal 48 (2023), 444-447.


doi:10.5455/rmj.20230305073651

MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Hassan, Laith Essa, and Humam Ghanim Ibrahim. "Prevalence of refractive errors among primary school students in Mosul City, Iraq." Rawal Medical Journal 48.2 (2023), 444-447. Print.


doi:10.5455/rmj.20230305073651

APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Hassan, L. E. & Ibrahim, . H. G. (2023) Prevalence of refractive errors among primary school students in Mosul City, Iraq. Rawal Medical Journal, 48 (2), 444-447.


doi:10.5455/rmj.20230305073651

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