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2023, Vol: 48, Issue: 2
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RMJ. 2023; 48(3): 790-794


Hospital microbiome: unspoken role in healthcare-associated infections

Rawan Mohammed Alwethainani, Siti Zulaikha Binti Zakariah, Azmiza Syawani Binti Jasn, Rosni Binti Ibrahim, Tengku Zetty Maztura BintiTengku Jamaluddin.

Abstract
Infections obtained in a healthcare or hospital setting are known as nosocomial illnesses or hospital-acquired infections (HAIs). Despite their role as healing environments, hospitals are home to a diverse range of bacteria, and it is widely assumed that the hospital microbiome changes as the facilities are used. The increased use of broad-spectrum antibiotics to treat bacterial infections has resulted in the increasing incidence of nosocomial infections. HAI is caused mostly by bacteria such as Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Enterococci spp., Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and others. Understanding the nature of bacterial communities in hospital environments is essential for tracking the transmission of antibiotic resistance genes. The efforts of medical organizations and hospitals are significant in promoting awareness and providing training. The results of bacterial diversity studies related to patients, staff, and surfaces of the newly established centers are reviewed and presented in this study.

Key words: Hospital-acquired infections, nosocomial, pathogens, therapeutic.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Alwethainani RM, Zakariah SZB, Jasn ASB, Ibrahim RB, Jamaluddin TZMB. Hospital microbiome: unspoken role in healthcare-associated infections. RMJ. 2023; 48(3): 790-794.

Web Style

Alwethainani RM, Zakariah SZB, Jasn ASB, Ibrahim RB, Jamaluddin TZMB. Hospital microbiome: unspoken role in healthcare-associated infections. https://www.rmj.org.pk/?mno=142947 [Access: September 03, 2023].

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Alwethainani RM, Zakariah SZB, Jasn ASB, Ibrahim RB, Jamaluddin TZMB. Hospital microbiome: unspoken role in healthcare-associated infections. RMJ. 2023; 48(3): 790-794.


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Alwethainani RM, Zakariah SZB, Jasn ASB, Ibrahim RB, Jamaluddin TZMB. Hospital microbiome: unspoken role in healthcare-associated infections. RMJ. (2023), [cited September 03, 2023]; 48(3): 790-794.


Harvard Style

Alwethainani, R. M., Zakariah, . S. Z. B., Jasn, . A. S. B., Ibrahim, . R. B. & Jamaluddin, . T. Z. M. B. (2023) Hospital microbiome: unspoken role in healthcare-associated infections. RMJ, 48 (3), 790-794.


Turabian Style

Alwethainani, Rawan Mohammed, Siti Zulaikha Binti Zakariah, Azmiza Syawani Binti Jasn, Rosni Binti Ibrahim, and Tengku Zetty Maztura BintiTengku Jamaluddin. 2023. Hospital microbiome: unspoken role in healthcare-associated infections. Rawal Medical Journal, 48 (3), 790-794.


Chicago Style

Alwethainani, Rawan Mohammed, Siti Zulaikha Binti Zakariah, Azmiza Syawani Binti Jasn, Rosni Binti Ibrahim, and Tengku Zetty Maztura BintiTengku Jamaluddin. "Hospital microbiome: unspoken role in healthcare-associated infections." Rawal Medical Journal 48 (2023), 790-794.


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Alwethainani, Rawan Mohammed, Siti Zulaikha Binti Zakariah, Azmiza Syawani Binti Jasn, Rosni Binti Ibrahim, and Tengku Zetty Maztura BintiTengku Jamaluddin. "Hospital microbiome: unspoken role in healthcare-associated infections." Rawal Medical Journal 48.3 (2023), 790-794. Print.


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Alwethainani, R. M., Zakariah, . S. Z. B., Jasn, . A. S. B., Ibrahim, . R. B. & Jamaluddin, . T. Z. M. B. (2023) Hospital microbiome: unspoken role in healthcare-associated infections. Rawal Medical Journal, 48 (3), 790-794.


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