ISSN 0303-5212
 

Original Research 
RMJ. 2021; 46(2): 282-285


Comparison of severity of retinopathy in diabetic versus non diabetic chronic kidney disease patients

Kishore Kumar, Jais Kumar Karmani, Naveed Sarwar, Naveed Arshad.

Abstract
Objective: To determine the correlation between presence of severity of retinopathy and various stages of chronic kidney disease in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients.
Methodology: This comparative cross sectional study was conducted from October 2017 to March 2018 at the Departments of Nephrology and Ophthalmology, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad. A total of 86 patients were included in the study, consecutively with CKD (chronic kidney disease) stage 3-5 with diabetic or non-diabetic and divided into two groups.
Results: Mean age of patients was 37.35±4.23 years and mean duration of diabetes was 11.58+2.81 years. In group‒A, 40 and group‒B, 14 patients had retinopathy. A total of 38 (44.2%) patients had diabetic retinopathy and 16 (18.6%) had hypertensive changes. In both groups, those with retinal changes had considerable decline in e-GFR. In group A, 13 (30.2%) and group B, 15 (34.9%) had e-GFR of 15‒44 mL/min/1.73 m², respectively. Five (11.6%) patients in group-A and eight (18.6%) in group B had e-GFR 30–44 mL/min/1.73 m².
Conclusion: Retinal changes can occur prior to the progression of CKD and it can be an independent major morbidity factor in both diabetic and non-diabetic CKD patients. Diabetes is an additional factor along with CKD because of its pathological effects on micro vasculature of the body.

Key words: Diabetes, chronic kidney disease, retinopathy.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Kumar K, Karmani JK, Sarwar N, Arshad N. Comparison of severity of retinopathy in diabetic versus non diabetic chronic kidney disease patients. RMJ. 2021; 46(2): 282-285.


Web Style

Kumar K, Karmani JK, Sarwar N, Arshad N. Comparison of severity of retinopathy in diabetic versus non diabetic chronic kidney disease patients. https://www.rmj.org.pk/?mno=123903 [Access: December 06, 2023].


AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Kumar K, Karmani JK, Sarwar N, Arshad N. Comparison of severity of retinopathy in diabetic versus non diabetic chronic kidney disease patients. RMJ. 2021; 46(2): 282-285.



Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Kumar K, Karmani JK, Sarwar N, Arshad N. Comparison of severity of retinopathy in diabetic versus non diabetic chronic kidney disease patients. RMJ. (2021), [cited December 06, 2023]; 46(2): 282-285.



Harvard Style

Kumar, K., Karmani, . J. K., Sarwar, . N. & Arshad, . N. (2021) Comparison of severity of retinopathy in diabetic versus non diabetic chronic kidney disease patients. RMJ, 46 (2), 282-285.



Turabian Style

Kumar, Kishore, Jais Kumar Karmani, Naveed Sarwar, and Naveed Arshad. 2021. Comparison of severity of retinopathy in diabetic versus non diabetic chronic kidney disease patients. Rawal Medical Journal, 46 (2), 282-285.



Chicago Style

Kumar, Kishore, Jais Kumar Karmani, Naveed Sarwar, and Naveed Arshad. "Comparison of severity of retinopathy in diabetic versus non diabetic chronic kidney disease patients." Rawal Medical Journal 46 (2021), 282-285.



MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Kumar, Kishore, Jais Kumar Karmani, Naveed Sarwar, and Naveed Arshad. "Comparison of severity of retinopathy in diabetic versus non diabetic chronic kidney disease patients." Rawal Medical Journal 46.2 (2021), 282-285. Print.



APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Kumar, K., Karmani, . J. K., Sarwar, . N. & Arshad, . N. (2021) Comparison of severity of retinopathy in diabetic versus non diabetic chronic kidney disease patients. Rawal Medical Journal, 46 (2), 282-285.