ISSN 0303-5212
 

Review Article 


Tetrology of Fallot and Pregnancy

Iftikhar Ahmed.

Abstract
Although, there has been a drastic decline in the incidence of rheumatic heart disease among women of child bearing age over the last three decades, more women with congenital heart disease (CHD) are living to reproductive age because of improved surgical techniques. In the last 30 years there has been a decline in overall maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity from cardiac disease; however, heart disease remains the leading cause of indirect maternal mortality.1,2,3

Maternal heart disease complicates 0.2 to 3 % of pregnancies, and congenital heart lesions now constitute at least half of all these cases.4 The classical and most commonly encountered (10% of all CHD) congenital cardiac lesion in pregnancy is the terology of Fallot (TOF). A maternal mortality report from UK had 35 death associated with cardiac disease, 29% were due to congenital heart disease, 15 % due to IHD and the remainder due to other acquired cardiac conditions.5

Key words: Tetrology of Fallot, pregnancy, congenital heart disease


 
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Pubmed Style

Iftikhar Ahmed. Tetrology of Fallot and Pregnancy . RMJ. 2004; 29(2): 76-79.


Web Style

Iftikhar Ahmed. Tetrology of Fallot and Pregnancy . https://www.rmj.org.pk/?mno=8918 [Access: December 09, 2023].


AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Iftikhar Ahmed. Tetrology of Fallot and Pregnancy . RMJ. 2004; 29(2): 76-79.



Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Iftikhar Ahmed. Tetrology of Fallot and Pregnancy . RMJ. (2004), [cited December 09, 2023]; 29(2): 76-79.



Harvard Style

Iftikhar Ahmed (2004) Tetrology of Fallot and Pregnancy . RMJ, 29 (2), 76-79.



Turabian Style

Iftikhar Ahmed. 2004. Tetrology of Fallot and Pregnancy . Rawal Medical Journal, 29 (2), 76-79.



Chicago Style

Iftikhar Ahmed. "Tetrology of Fallot and Pregnancy ." Rawal Medical Journal 29 (2004), 76-79.



MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Iftikhar Ahmed. "Tetrology of Fallot and Pregnancy ." Rawal Medical Journal 29.2 (2004), 76-79. Print.



APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Iftikhar Ahmed (2004) Tetrology of Fallot and Pregnancy . Rawal Medical Journal, 29 (2), 76-79.